Personality Testing, Yes or No - 961 Words

The following is a case study from an Executive Master of Business Administration EMBA program syllabus, Alexandria University, Egypt, in collaboration with Georgia State university, USA. The case is related to the Organizational Behavior study from the reference book Organizational Behavior and Management, ninth edition, Ivancevich, konopaske Matteson. ISBN 978-0-07-122089-7 Case 3.1: Personality Testing, Yes or No? Mark, a project leader in Austin, Texas, needed a new software engineer for his eight-person team. He used his network, reviewed resumes, and invited 15 candidates for interviews. In addition he had the top three candidates complete the 16-personality factors test. This was a general test that he believed would†¦show more content†¦Personality testing attempts to provide quantifiable data that can make the differentiation easier. Such differentiation is still difficult. Some personality researchers suggest there are regional differences in personality. That is, a New York candidate for Marks position would be different from an Oregon candidate. Mark, after considering all the issues surrounding personality testing, decided he would not conduct or use such tests in the future. Q1- Is Mark making a good decision to drop the use of personality testing? WHY? A1- Employee behavior, which is considered the foundation of Organizational Behavior, cannot be understood without considering the concept of Personality, which is defined as a product of both Nature (hereditary forces) and Nurture (cultural, family relation, and social class forces) Nowadays, there is a renewed interest and focus on personality as a key to understand â€Å"OB†. This led to the research in the area of the â€Å"Big Five† personality dimensions (Extroversion, Emotional Stability, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience) in addition to the other â€Å"three† important dimensions (Locus of Control, Self-Efficacy, and Creativity) The introduction we presented is the basis on which we decide to choose answering the first question by â€Å"NO†. Mark should have used better-quality personality test, in addition toShow MoreRelatedPersonality Testing, Yes or No?973 Words   |  4 Pages978-0-07-122089-7 Case 3.1: Personality Testing, Yes or No? Mark, a project leader in Austin, Texas, needed a new software engineer for his eight-person team. He used his network, reviewed resumes, and invited 15 candidates for interviews. In addition he had the top three candidates complete the 16-personality factors test. This was a general test that he believed would reveal personality characteristics that were important to know before making a job offer. Personality testing is a relatively inexpensiveRead MoreThe Test Of Personality Assessments1732 Words   |  7 Pages There are a number of personality assessments available for clinicians to implement with the same intended purpose- to obtain a deeper understanding of an individual’s personality. Whether the answers to the questions are self-reported by the individual taking the assessment, or recorded by the clinician, the answers themselves are not what is most important. Whether it is related to a specific diagnosis, or a previous experience, these tests are administered to gain insight into an individual’sRead MoreDutch commando corps Essay1194 Words   |  5 Pagesexample), (4) personality traits or characteristics (such as decisiveness, emotional stability, confidence and extraversion), and last but not least, (5) integrity or trustworthiness. In order to join the Dutch corps commando troops it is required to have a special skill set. By using different selection methods we can assess the different competencies. From a broad list, we would use CV, self-assessment, physical ability test, references, medical test, criminal records, personality inventories,Read MoreEssay about Test-Retest Reliability, 886 Words   |  4 Pages 1. Describe an example of test-retest reliability. Test-retest reliability is conducting the same test with the same respondents at different moments of time. For example, a group of participants is given a personality test and then are given the same is tested at a later time, maybe a month or year later (Kline, 2005). 2. If the correlation between test scores at Time 1 and Time 2 is 0.85, how would this be interpreted? The correlation between Time 1 and Time 2 is 0.85 and is significant (0Read MorePsychometric Tests And Why Do Employers Use Them?1582 Words   |  7 PagesCharles Spearman. Today, psychometric tests are usually used by employers in recruitment and selection process in order to measure the abilities of a potential employee in specific skills such as: intelligence, critical reasoning, motivation and personality profile. Psychometric tests play an important role in selection practice: 70 percent of firms use them (Sackleton and Newell, 1991). The fundamental assumption of psychometrics is that people differ from each other, for instance in terms of theirRead MoreStrengths And Weaknesses Of Personality Testing1473 Words   |  6 Pageseducation courses, editorial works and even scientific articles. According to Meyer Kurtz, (2006) in personality testing objectives are â€Å"instruments in which the stimulus is an adjective, proposition, or question that is presented to a person who i s required to indicate how accurately it describes his or her personality using a limited set of externally provided response options (true vs. false, yes vs. no, Likert scale, etc.)† (Meyer Kurtz, 2006, pg. 223). Further in objective the test taker willRead MoreCase Study : Inter Group Problem960 Words   |  4 Pagescompany) and his wife (sales manager) are having inter-marital problems. This is carrying over into the job. The husband around the job is known as the â€Å"yes man,† and the wife is known as the â€Å"boss† and other harsh words, which was found out during the interviews with the employees. The hope of the client is to get the sales manager to simply say â€Å"yes† to a major deal that will provide the company a competitive advantage in the market place. However, the sales manager feels they should hold off andRead MoreEssay about Limitations of Self Report Data2887 Words   |  12 Pagesfrom a test or an interview format of a self-repor t study. The format of self-report study that will be used to discuss limitations of self-report data will be a test and a personality disorder test will be used as an example. For specific example answers for the test I completed the results all rated â€Å"low† for all personality disorders. Limitations arise from decreased reliability and validity and issues with credibility of responses due to response bias. Content validity, construct validity andRead MoreEducation Is Learning What You Didn t So Know1095 Words   |  5 Pagespeers and their school environment. They affect a person’s attitude, personality in a positive or negative manner. People of the same age group feel some sort of relation to each other, so they usually tend to each other and affect each others characters greatly. Adolescents in particular spend their time with their peers more than their parents, so peer groups have greater influential power to develop a person’s personality than parental figures. The importance of education is immense, whichRead MorePersonality Type Assessment1336 Words   |  6 PagesPersonality Type Assessment (Week-2 Individual Assignment) CMGT/530 - IT Organizational Behavior July 1, 2012 Personality Type Assessment The first section of this paper details the elements that a personality type assessment typically measures. The second section contains discussion on the personality type assessment of the author of this paper. In the third and last section, the author shares how his personal assessment outcomes could affect his work

Aids A Modern Interpretation Of The Aids - 1391 Words

Although many people see this book as a great modern interpretation of the AIDS evolution, I found it difficult to be fully engaged with the immense amount of scientific information and terms. Despite the fact I do not have a positive opinion of the book, Pepin’s extensive knowledge and research is evident and bolsters his claims and his epidemiology. Pepin beings the book with the origins of AIDS, debunking the popular claims which spread throughout the United States. Secondly, Pepin introduces the way the AIDS epidemic spread and then completely devastated the Central African population. Afterwards, Pepin reveals how AIDS spread, thus contradicting the knowledge the general population of America has known since the 1980’s. After reading all of this, I felt increasingly more annoyed with how the entire AIDS epidemic has been handled. The information on how the spread of AIDS truly occurred is not widely diffused throughout America, so the notion of it being predominant ly gay related is still well-known. Jacques Pepin does an astounding job with disclosing the information of the AIDS epidemic, but the information remained difficult to read due to the dry and immense amount of scientific verbiage. Diving into the first section of the book, Pepin introduces geographic areas of Africa which stand as the places where the AIDS epidemic sprouted. Central Africa and the countries within this generalized zone dealt with a lot of rapid industrialization and urbanization in a shortShow MoreRelatedStatutory Interpretation1109 Words   |  5 PagesStatutory interpretation is process of interpreting statutes by the judges. The definition of statutes have had very specific words but indeed the judges would still need the statutory interpretation to help them. The reason of this, even how, the words in the statutes are specific but sometimes the words contains ambiguity and vagueness in words. On top of that, each word could give us different meaning. For examp le, we can find in the Oxford Dictionary where a word would contain at least one meaningRead MoreShould The Hiv / Aids Epidemic?918 Words   |  4 PagesShould the HIV/AIDs epidemic in Africa be described as a feminist issue? With higher transmission rates concentrated among African women, and the vast majority of new mother-child transmissions occurring within African countries, HIV seemingly fits into the scope of feminist concerns. As described in Oppong and Kalipeni’s contribution to Kalipeni, et.al.’s HIV AIDS in African: Beyond Epidemiology, the consistent classifying of the HIV/AIDS epidemic as being the direct result of distinct AfricanRead MoreStatutory Interpretation Of An Act Of Parliament1548 Words   |  7 PagesStatutory interpretation is a procedure executed by judges when understanding an Act of Parliament, which transpires when they are confronted with new components of legislation including definitions which are not distinctly conveyed. The courts retain the responsibility when the implications of that statute are ambiguous to ascertain Parliaments objectives on how the law should be applied. This essay will examine the approaches and methodical rules which direct judges in the interpretation of statutesRead MoreHiv / Aids And Aids1356 Words   |  6 PagesJust about two decades ago, HIV/AIDS pandemic was the only thing that is mentioned in social media (Gus â€Å"Introduction to HIV/AIDS†). Proved to be originally from Sub Saharan Africa (S.S Africa) region, HIV/AIDS has spread throughout not only the S.S. Africa, but it eventually becomes the global disaster in the late 20th century (Gus). HIV/AIDS has gained attention from the media when the death many patients by the new emerging disease is reported in Europe and US (Satpathy 27). However, these casesRead MoreEffective Communication in Health and Social Care Essay1372 Words   |  6 Pagescommunication, the first I will be explaining is a hearing aid and as the name suggests it is an aid for hearing. Hearing aids are primarily used for improving the hearing and speech of people who have lost some of there hearing due to damage being caused to the hair cells (sensory cells) in the inner ear. This damage can be caused as a result of; ageing, injury from a noise, a side effect of medication, or from a disease. The hearing aid is an electro-acoustic device that is generally fitted behindRead MoreDifferent Schools Of Statutory Interpretation1235 Words   |  5 Pagesstatutory interpretation because the two different courts that heard the case applied a different from of statutory interpretation. The lower court stuck to a textual interpretation, whereas the court of appeal considered the legislative intent behind the relevant statues. This paper will argue that of the two schools of statutory interpretation applied in the case, textualism and intentionalism, neither is completely appropriate and that the pragmatic approach to statutory interpretation is the mostRead MoreInterpreting and Correcting the Constitutional907 Words   |  4 PagesConstitution, the same principle remains. It is extremely difficult to interpret the U.S. Constitution, because of its complexity and fragility. Also, the fact is when time changes, people change. In other words, different generations have different inte rpretations of what the Constitution says that they can do. Which leads to textualism, causing the judges of the Supreme Court to decide whether they can make new laws, even though their true vocation is to interpret the laws. Textualism trials test everythingRead MoreThe Liberal And Realist Interpretations Of The Period Between 1815-1914 And Modern Day956 Words   |  4 Pagesof 1815 until 1914 one will find that there are various interpretations of what transpired during this period. The two interpretations that will be examined in this analysis are the liberal and realist’s interpretations of this period. The Liberal interpretation refers to this period as Pax Britannica. Liberals see this period as a time of peace and a time in which Britain became the first liberal hegemonic power. The relist interpretation seeks to demonstrate how this period was not entirely peacefulRead MoreJohn W. 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He believed that only brave nations could stand the test of time, and argued that nations who did not showcase their power would eventually

Dry September vs a Rose for Miss Emily - 774 Words

There are societies filled with meddling and insensitive people, the towns in A rose for Miss Emily and Dry September are two such towns. The towns duplicity is shown effectively as in both of the womens towns, the townspeople try to pry into their personal lives and also put on a facade of care and concern Both Miss Emily and Miss Minnie are victims of the meddlesome townspeople. When a mysterious stench begins to surround Miss Emilys house, a group of men decide to take the matter into their own hands. [The men] slunk about the house like burglars and attempted to put out the smell without notifying Miss Emily as well as entering her property without permission. The men breaking and entering shows the extent that the†¦show more content†¦Also, all the while that Miss Minnies friends are supposedly taking care of her, they remark to to each other do you suppose anything really happened? questioning their friend as well as using Miss Minnies ordeal as gossip to bring interest to themselves as well. In A rose for miss Emily and in Dry September the townspeople prove to be meddlesome as well as uncaring and insensitive. The people use Miss Emily and Miss Emily as tools of gossip and keep up a facade ofShow MoreRelatedMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesperspective. For new users, I hope the book will meet your full expectations and be an effective instructional tool. Although case books abound, you and your students may find this somewhat unique and very readable, a book that can help transform dry and rather remote concepts into practical reality, and lead to lively class discussions, and even debates. In the gentle environment of the classroom, students can hone their analytical skills and also their persuasive skills—not selling products but Read MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesHistory of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American QueerRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pages for instance, Jeffrey S. Shippman, Eric Prien, and Gary L. Hughes, â€Å"The Content of Management Work,† Journal of Business and Psychology 5 (March 1991): 325–54. 9. Robert Katz, â€Å"Skills of an Effective Administrator,† Harvard Business Review 52 (September–October 1974): 90–102. 10. G. Edward Evans, â€Å"Management Education for Archivists, Information Managers and Librarians: Is There a Global Core?† Education for Information 2 (December 1984): 295–307. 11. Thomas Wolf and Barbara Carter, Managing a Non-ProfitRead MoreInnovators Dna84615 Words   |  339 Pagesother executives. Note that our research focused on innovators and, in particular, innovative entrepreneurs rather than entrepreneurs. Here’s why. Innovative entrepreneurs start companies that offer unique value to the market. When someone opens a dry cleaner or a mortgage business, or even a set of Volkswagen dealerships or McDonald’s franchises, researchers put them all in the same category of entrepreneur as the founders of eBay (Pierre Omidyar) and Amazon (Jeff Bezos). This creates a categorizationRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pagesanswered in back ââ€"  Data set available online but not required 20 C h a p t e r 1 ââ€"   The Role of Statistics and the Data Analysis Process Box ofï ¬ ce totals for the top summer ï ¬ lms in 2002 are given in the following table (USA Today, September 3, 2002): Box Ofï ¬ ce (millions of dollars) Film Spider-Man Star Wars: Episode II Austin Powers in Goldmember Signs Men in Black II Scooby-Doo Lilo Stitch Minority Report Mr. Deeds XXX The Sum of All Fears The Bourne Identity Road to PerditionRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages.............................................................................. 299 CHAPTER 10 Deductive Reasoning .......................................................................................... 312 x Implying with Certainty vs. with Probability ................................................................................ 312 Distinguishing Deduction from Induction ..................................................................................... 319 Review of Major

Report Focuses On The Concept Of Car Advertising †MyAssignmenthelp.co

Question: Discuss about the Report Focuses On The Concept Of Car Advertising. Answer: Introduction Advertising is one of the main tools for marketing. It is a paid form of promotional activities. It is an audio or visual form used for communicating non-personal message to the customers. The main purpose of advertising is promotion of the product or services of any brand. There are endless companies that provide similar types of product and services, this creates a competition in the market and becomes really difficult for the companies differentiate themselves from other competitors. In addition, it becomes difficult for the customers to determine the basis of their product selection, this problem is easily solved by advertising, an interesting advertising generally creates an impact on the minds of the audiences and hence it affects their buying behavior (Moriarty et al., 2014). There are many methods of advertising like, Social media advertising, online advertising, Flyers and brochures, billboards, word of mouth advertising are some of the most commonly used methods of advertising (Moriarty et al., 2014). Problems that Advertising on cars can solve Limitations of the traditional advertising There are many disadvantages of traditional methods of advertising, some of those methods are mentioned below Demands lot of investments- The traditional methods of advertising that includes radio advertising, television advertising, advertising on newspapers, these types of advertising demands a lot of investment (Moriarty et al., 2014). Targets less number of people- It is always not necessary that all people listen to radio channels or always watch televisions, there are many channels and a person can only watch one channel at a time, therefore only few people are targeted (Moriarty et al., 2014). Long term commitments- Advertisings require long term of commitments, because traditional methods of advertising requires repetition, unless a single advertisements are not repeated several times a day, the advertisements objectives will not be met. Stationary mode of advertising- Traditional advertisements are stationery in nature, the customers will have to reach out to sources to get to know about the advertisements, it is not the advertisement that reaches the customers, to watch a particular ad on a particular channel the viewers will have to switch to that channel (Bendixen, 2016). All these problems can be easily solved by using the innovative smart way of advertising on cars. Strategic response plan It is the dream of many to own a car, but because of the low income level of some peole, owing a car just becomes a dream (Bendixen, 2016). Advertising on Cars is a very innovative way of advertising and a very interesting technique it uses investment on this particular advertisements. The business owners have a very beneficial offer for the people who wants to buy cars. They offer to pay the EMIs and the person will only have to pay the down payment, this way the people who dream of buying cars can actually buy the cars, all they have to do is let the business owner use his car for advertising his company. For those already owning a car the business owner pays an amount for putting advertisements on their cars. It supports for self employment like taxi, Uber for those who cannot afford a new car. The concept is also known as Paid to drive concept. The company normally looks for the normal citizens, not the professional driver, to go around with their cars doing their normal routine with a big ad on their cars. These ads are vinyl decals which is also called auto wraps, that looks as if it has been painted on the vehicle s and sometimes cover a significant area of the cars exterior. The owner of the car is compensated for this, the amount is few hundred dollars per month, which is the rent that the company pays to the car owners for using their cars for advertising. Through this strategy the company gets lots of exposure, the auto wraps are very attractive and hence gains a lot of attention, its also a captive advertising, people who are stuck in traffic cannot avoid looking at the auto wraps on the cars. Advantages of advertising on cars It is a very easy way for advertising. It does not requires lot of investments, many viewers can be targeted by just one advertisement. It is also helpful creating new employments. The companies uses the car doors of the customers on which the ad vinyl is applied and the customers are paid for it. Since cars are mobile, they travel from one street to another, they target maximum number of audiences, it is also beneficial for the people who want to buy cars cannot afford monthly EMI (Bendixen, 2016). Business Model The elements of the Business Model includes Key Partners- The key partners include taxi owners, new car buyers, marketing mangers, Vinyl painters. The business owners who want to use the space for advertising pay an amount on monthly basis for using the exterior space of taxis and cars. Marketing managers coordinate with the business managers for this advertising. Vinyl painters are the people who put the vinyl decals on the cars, known as auto wraps (Conley, 2016). Key Activities- The activities include, paying EMI for those who are buying the new cars, the down payment is paid by the car owners and the EMI is paid by the business owner, in this case monthly payment is not made to the car owner because the business owner pays the EMI. advertising client products on cars using vinyl decals that can be easily removed and does not spoil the color of the car. Tying up with the Uber and the Taxi fleet cars for using their cars for advertisement purposes and in return they are paid some amount on monthly basis (Lau, Lee Martin, 2017). Value Proposition- The values provided by this business for its customers include, paying the EMI for their new cars, the customers get their dream cars through this business. The value provided to the organizations include promotion and advertising of the products on cars, this type of marketing does not requires a lot of investment and hence it is very beneficial for the organization. The value provided to the customer relationship in the area of social media, trained customer service and regular feedbacks (Bendixen, 2016). Channels- Channels of this business includes websites, apps for android and app for IOS users. Customer segments- The customer segments include car owners who need extra money, new car buyers, who do not have enough money to buy their dream cars and the people who see the ads on the cars, the passerbys, people stuck on heavy traffic (Grzegorczyk, 2016). Cost structure includes the launch events of the business, expenses for setting up office, initial investment for new cars, monthly rentals that would be paid to the car owners, taxi fleet and Uber (Conley, 2016). Revenue streams, the revenue streams of this business includes, commissions from the car dealers, commissions from the financial institutions and schemes for organizations (Huang, Zhou, Liu, 2013).. SWOT Analysis Strengths Low cost schemes of marketing for the companies, the designs on the cars are very attractive. No harm is caused to the original paints of the cars, marketing is very easy. The paints can be easily put and easily removed as well (Morrone Calace, 2015). Weakness It requires bank loans for paying EMIs of the cars, the initial cost is very high, which includes paying the EMI of the new car owners. Since it s new in the market therefore there is no loyalty (Morrone Calace, 2015). Opportunities The market is very attractive and interesting, there is a scope of great profits. More the number of the organization more will be the marketing, therefore new organizations give opportunity this business. It has scope of becoming leader in the market (Conley, 2016). Threats Competitors might come up with new advancements, new and innovative methods of advertising that could put this advertising into risk. Govt. policies for safety concerns poses a threat to this business, vinyl decals causes pollution, so if new environmental friendly methods are no used then this particular method has a threat to be banned in the future (Morrone Calace, 2015). Project Action Analysis: Net present value Net present value is the present value of investment, expected cash inflows minus the cost for acquiring the business an investment. It is used to measure the profitability of any project or campaign that is going to be undertaken by any company. Time value plays a very significant role because the time factor affects the value of cash flows. It is calculated by subtracting the cost from the cash inflows, or can be said the earnings (Ã… ½iÃ… ¾lavsk, 2014). The formula for calculating the NPV is NPV= Cash inflows from the investment Cost outflows (Ã… ½iÃ… ¾lavsk, 2014) Suppose the initial of advertising be $6000 thousand. The project is expected to generate a cash inflows of $1000 thousand, $2000 thousand, $4000 thousand, and $3000 thousand at the end of first, second, third and fourth year respectively. Let the discount rate be 10% PV factors: Year 1 = 1/(1+10%)^1 = 0.909 Year 2 = 1/ (1+10%)^2 = 0.826 Year 3 = 1/ (1+10%)^3 = 0.751 Year 4 = 1/ (1+10%)^4 = 0.683 Year 1st year 2nd year 3rd year 4th year Net Cash Inflow $1000 $2000 $4000 $3000 TotalCash Inflow*PV factor 1000*0.909 = 909 2000*0.826 = 1652 4000*0.751 = 3004 3000*0.683= 2049 Total PV of cash inflowsflows Total PVof Cash Inflows Initial Investment $7614-6000 =$1614 thousand Therefore the net present value is $1614 thousand. Rate of return The rate of return is the profit or loss incurred through an investment over a specified time period, it can be expressed percentage of the cost of the investment. The profits from the investments are the income received. The basic method to calculate the rate of return of a marketing campaign or advertising is to integrate it in to the overall business calculation. Formula for rate (Sales Growth- Marketing/Advertising Cost) / Marketing Cost = ROI (Ã… ½iÃ… ¾lavsk, 2014). Suppose the sales growth was $2000 and the cost of marketing of advertising cost was $500, then using this formula ($2000-$500) / $500 = 300% Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded that advertising on cars is a very new and innovative way for marketing advertising, it is much better than the traditional way of advertising that involved lot of investments, are stationery and also requires repetition, so that it can draw the attention of the customers. It requires long term commitment, where as advertising on cars is cost effective for the business, and for the people it has very interesting offer through which they can buy cars, by only paying the down payment and the EMI is paid by the business that will use the car for advertising. The success rate of this particular advertising method is very high. It creates job opportunities for people, because it chooses regular car owners to do their routine work and in return they will be paid monthly amount as rent for the space used for advertising. Recommendations Eco-friendly Advertising The vinyl sheets causes pollution, therefore to avoid the pollution created by the vinyl sheets new methods needs to be adopted for advertising like, using one stencil template to print ads on the cars by using natural colors. Those paints should be used that are easy to be removed, with the help of a special kind of chemical so that the paint of the cars are not affected (Bendixen, 2016). References Bendixen, M. T. (2016).Advertising effectiveness in the South African motor industry(Doctoral dissertation). Conley, J. (2016).Car troubles: Critical studies of automobility and auto-mobility. Routledge. Grzegorczyk, W. (2016). The Problems of Marketing Performance Measurement.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie. Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing, (15 (64)), 68-74. Huang, J., Su, S., Zhou, L., Liu, X. (2013). Attitude toward the viral ad: Expanding traditional advertising models to interactive advertising.Journal of Interactive Marketing,27(1), 36-46. Lau, W. K., Lee, S., Martin, P. (2017).U.S. Patent No. 9,563,826. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Li, W., Niu, X. (2015).U.S. Patent Application No. 14/823,056. Moriarty, S., Mitchell, N. D., Wells, W. D., Crawford, R., Brennan, L., Spence-Stone, R. (2014).Advertising: Principles and practice. Pearson Australia. Morrone, D., Russo, A., Calace, D. (2015). The Effectiveness of Green Marketing Strategies in the Automotive Industry: A Consumer-Based Analysis.Journal of Marketing Development and Competitiveness,9(2), 59-71. Murry, C. (2016). The Effect of Retail Competition on Relationship-specific Investments: Evidence from New Car Advertising.Browser Download This Paper. Rothman, L., Macarthur, C., To, T., Buliung, R., Howard, A. (2014). Motor vehicle-pedestrian collisions and walking to school: the role of the built environment.Pediatrics,133(5), 776-784. Venkatraman, V., Dimoka, A., Pavlou, P. A., Vo, K., Hampton, W., Bollinger, B., ... Winer, R. S. (2015). Predicting advertising success beyond traditional measures: new insights from neurophysiological methods and market response modeling.Journal of Marketing Research,52(4), 436-452. Ã… ½iÃ… ¾lavsk, O. (2014). Net present value approach: method for economic assessment of innovation projects.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,156, 506-512.